2027 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code Q39.1Atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula

ICD-10-CM Codes›Q00-Q99›Q38-Q45›Q39

ICD-10-CM Q39.1
CMSSource: CMS FY 2027 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2027

Q39.1 is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula. It is valid on HIPAA claims for fiscal year 2027 (October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027) and groups to MS-DRG 368 through 370. As a secondary diagnosis, it counts as a major complication or comorbidity (MCC) and places an inpatient stay in the highest severity level of its MS-DRG family. It does not count, however, when the principal diagnosis is one of 11 closely related codes. The code is exempt from POA reporting. In AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software (CCSR), this diagnosis falls under Digestive congenital anomalies.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
Q39.1
Billable Status
Yes — Valid for Submission
Code Describes
Atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula
Short Description
Atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Parent Code
Q39
Congenital malformations of esophagus

Code Classification

ChapterQ00-Q99Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities
SectionQ38-Q45Other congenital malformations of the digestive system
CategoryQ39Congenital malformations of esophagus
This CodeQ39.1Atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula

Present on Admission (POA)Billing

Q39.1 is exempt from POA reporting on inpatient claims to general acute care hospitals. Review the other POA exempt codes in Other congenital malformations of the digestive system (Q38-Q45).

Approximate SynonymsGuidance

Alternate terms and clinical phrases that map to this code.

  • Agenesis of esophagus
  • Atresia of esophagus with esophagobronchial fistula
  • Broncho-esophageal fistula
  • Congenital absence of esophagus
  • Congenital absence of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula
  • Congenital atresia of esophagus
  • Congenital esophageal fistula
  • Congenital esophagobronchial fistula
  • Congenital esophagotracheal fistula
  • Congenital tracheal fistula
  • Esophageal atresia with tracheo-esophageal fistula
  • Esophageal atresia, stenosis and fistula
  • Tracheoesophageal fistula

Instructional NotesGuidance

Instructions from the official ICD-10-CM Tabular List that apply to Q39.1: its own notes plus those printed at Chapter 17. A note printed at a category, block or chapter applies to every code under it.

Applicable To

Conditions this code is used for: synonyms of the title or, for "other specified" codes, the conditions assigned to it. The list is not exhaustive.

  • Atresia of esophagus with broncho-esophageal fistula

Excludes2

Not included here: the excluded condition is not part of this code, but a patient may have both, so both codes may be reported.

From Chapter 17 (Q00-QA1) Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities applies to 900 codes
  • inborn errors of metabolism (E70-E88)

Notes

General instructions on how these codes are used.

From Chapter 17 (Q00-QA1) Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities applies to 900 codes
  • Codes from this chapter are not for use on maternal records

Source: CMS ICD-10-CM Tabular List. How to read instructional notes.

Index to Diseases and InjuriesGuidance

Alphabetical index entries that point to this code.

Clinical ClassificationClinical

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

CCSR MAL002
Digestive congenital anomalies
Default principal diagnosis: inpatient Yes · outpatient Yes

Patient EducationClinical

Birth Defects

A birth defect is a problem that happens while a baby is developing in the mother's body. Most birth defects happen during the first 3 months of pregnancy. One out of every 33 babies in the United States is born with a birth defect.

The full article covers:

  • What are birth defects?
  • What causes birth defects?
  • Who is at risk of having a baby with birth defects?
  • How are birth defects diagnosed?
  • What are the treatments for birth defects?
  • Can birth defects be prevented?

Read the full article at MedlinePlus

Courtesy of MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Convert Q39.1 to ICD-9-CMHistory

The closest ICD-9-CM equivalents under the General Equivalence Mappings.

ICD-9-CM
750.3 Cong esoph fistula/atres
Approximate The match is approximate rather than exact.

Code HistoryHistory

FY 2016AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2015, the first year of ICD-10-CM.
FY 2017–2026No changes
FY 2027CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Questions About Q39.1Overview

What is the ICD-10 code for atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula?

The ICD-10-CM code for atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula is Q39.1 (sometimes written as Q391). It is billable on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Is Q39.1 (Congenital malformations of esophagus) a billable code?

Yes. This is a billable ICD-10-CM code, specific enough to report atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

What MS-DRG does Q39.1 group to?

When atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula is the principal diagnosis on an inpatient stay, it groups to MS-DRG 369, 370, 368, with relative weights from 0.6741 to 1.6434 depending on complications. Higher weights mean higher Medicare reimbursement.

Is Q39.1 a CC or MCC?

CMS lists Q39.1 as an MCC (major complication or comorbidity) for FY 2027. Reported as a secondary diagnosis, it places the inpatient stay in the highest-weighted DRG of its severity family. It does not count when the principal diagnosis is one of the 11 closely related codes in its exclusion list.

Is Q39.1 exempt from POA reporting?

Yes. CMS lists this code among those exempt from present on admission reporting, so hospitals do not assign a POA indicator for atresia of esophagus with tracheo-esophageal fistula on inpatient claims. The code appears in the Other congenital malformations of the digestive system (Q38-Q45) range of the CMS exempt list.