2026 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code C78.89Secondary malignant neoplasm of other digestive organs

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

• Ampulla of Vater

  a dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct, also known as the hepatopancreatic ampulla.

• Esophagogastric Junction

  the area covering the terminal portion of esophagus and the beginning of stomach at the cardiac orifice.

• Barrett Esophagus

  a condition with damage to the lining of the lower esophagus resulting from chronic acid reflux (esophagitis, reflux). through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those of the intestine or the salmon-pink mucosa of the stomach. barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and precursor to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

• Esophageal Motility Disorders

  disorders affecting the motor function of the upper esophageal sphincter; lower esophageal sphincter; the esophagus body, or a combination of these parts. the failure of the sphincters to maintain a tonic pressure may result in gastric reflux of food and acid into the esophagus (gastroesophageal reflux). other disorders include hypermotility (spastic disorders) and markedly increased amplitude in contraction (nutcracker esophagus).

• Esophageal Mucosa

  circular innermost layer of the esophagus wall that mediates esophageal peristalsis which pushes ingested food bolus toward the stomach.

• Esophageal Neoplasms

  tumors or cancer of the esophagus.

• Esophagus

  the muscular membranous segment between the pharynx and the stomach in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

• Acalculous Cholecystitis

  inflammation of the gallbladder wall in the absence of gallstones.

• Biliary Dyskinesia

  a motility disorder characterized by biliary colic, absence of gallstones, and an abnormal gallbladder ejection fraction. it is caused by gallbladder dyskinesia and/or sphincter of oddi dysfunction.

• Cholecystitis

  inflammation of the gallbladder; generally caused by impairment of bile flow, gallstones in the biliary tract, infections, or other diseases.

• Gallbladder

  a storage reservoir for bile secretion. gallbladder allows the delivery of bile acids at a high concentration and in a controlled manner, via the cystic duct to the duodenum, for degradation of dietary lipid.

• Gallbladder Diseases

  diseases of the gallbladder. they generally involve the impairment of bile flow, gallstones in the biliary tract, infections, neoplasms, or other diseases.

• Gallbladder Emptying

  a process whereby bile is delivered from the gallbladder into the duodenum. the emptying is caused by both contraction of the gallbladder and relaxation of the sphincter mechanism at the choledochal terminus.

• Gallbladder Neoplasms

  tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.

• Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal

  carcinoma that arises from the pancreatic ducts. it accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the pancreas.

• Cystic Fibrosis

  an autosomal recessive genetic disease of the exocrine glands. it is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator expressed in several organs including the lung, the pancreas, the biliary system, and the sweat glands. cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in airway obstruction; chronic respiratory infections; pancreatic insufficiency; maldigestion; salt depletion; and heat prostration.

• Insulin Infusion Systems

  portable or implantable devices for infusion of insulin. includes open-loop systems which may be patient-operated or controlled by a pre-set program and are designed for constant delivery of small quantities of insulin, increased during food ingestion, and closed-loop systems which deliver quantities of insulin automatically based on an electronic glucose sensor.

• Islets of Langerhans

  irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas among the exocrine acini. each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. there are four major cell types. the most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete insulin. alpha cells (5-20%) secrete glucagon. pp cells (10-35%) secrete pancreatic polypeptide. delta cells (~5%) secrete somatostatin.

• Nesidioblastosis

  an inherited autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by the disorganized formation of new islets in the pancreas and congenital hyperinsulinism. it is due to focal hyperplasia of pancreatic islet cells budding off from the ductal structures and forming new islets of langerhans. mutations in the islet cells involve the potassium channel gene kcnj11 or the atp-binding cassette transporter gene abcc8, both on chromosome 11.

• Pancreas

  a nodular organ in the abdomen that contains a mixture of endocrine glands and exocrine glands. the small endocrine portion consists of the islets of langerhans secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. the large exocrine portion (exocrine pancreas) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the duodenum.

• Pancreas Divisum

  anatomic variants in pancreatic ducts characterized by failure of fusion of the ventral and dorsal endodermal buds. pancreas divisum results in inadequate or no communication between dorsal and ventral ducts. while most cases are asymptomatic, it may be associated with recurrent pancreatitis.

• Pancreas Transplantation

  the transference of a pancreas from one human or animal to another.

• Pancreas, Artificial

  devices for simulating the activity of the pancreas. they can be either electromechanical, consisting of a glucose sensor, computer, and insulin pump or bioartificial, consisting of isolated islets of langerhans in an artificial membrane.

• Pancreas, Exocrine

  the major component (about 80%) of the pancreas composed of acinar functional units of tubular and spherical cells. the acinar cells synthesize and secrete several digestive enzymes such as trypsinogen; lipase; amylase; and ribonuclease. secretion from the exocrine pancreas drains into the pancreatic ductal system and empties into the duodenum.

• Pancreatic Neoplasms

  tumors or cancer of the pancreas. depending on the types of islet cells present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: glucagon from pancreatic alpha cells; insulin from pancreatic beta cells; and somatostatin from the somatostatin-secreting cells. most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (insulinoma).

• Pancrelipase

  a preparation of hog pancreatic enzymes standardized for lipase content.

• Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome

  an inherited syndrome characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency; hematologic abnormalities (e.g., bone marrow hypoplasia), and skeletal abnormalities (e.g., metaphyseal chondroplasia). germline mutations in the sbds gene are associated with shwachman-diamond syndrome.

• Pyloric Stenosis

  narrowing of the pyloric canal with varied etiology. a common form is due to muscle hypertrophy (pyloric stenosis, hypertrophic) seen in infants.

• Pylorus

  the region of the stomach at the junction with the duodenum. it is marked by the thickening of circular muscle layers forming the pyloric sphincter to control the opening and closure of the lumen.

• Bariatric Surgery

  surgical procedures aimed at affecting metabolism and producing major weight reduction in patients with morbid obesity.

• Diverticulosis, Stomach

  a pathological condition characterized by the presence of a number of gastric diverticula in the stomach.

• Diverticulum, Stomach

  saccular, outward protrusion of all or a portion of the wall of the stomach.

• Gastric Absorption

  uptake of substances via the stomach.

• Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia

  a distinct vascular lesion in the pyloric antrum that is characterized by tortuous dilated blood vessels (ectasia) radiating outward from the pylorus. the vessel pattern resembles the stripes on the surface of a watermelon. this lesion causes both acute and chronic gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

• Gastric Dilatation

  abnormal distention of the stomach due to accumulation of gastric contents that may reach 10 to 15 liters. gastric dilatation may be the result of gastric outlet obstruction; ileus; gastroparesis; or denervation.

• Gastric Fistula

  abnormal passage communicating with the stomach.

• Gastric Stump

  that portion of the stomach remaining after gastric surgery, usually gastrectomy or gastroenterostomy for cancer of the stomach or peptic ulcer. it is a common site of cancer referred to as stump cancer or carcinoma of the gastric stump.

• Gastrointestinal Contents

  the contents included in all or any segment of the gastrointestinal tract.

• Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3

  a subclass of receptor-like protein tryosine phosphatases that contain a single cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphate domain and multiple extracellular fibronectin iii-like domains.

• Stomach

  an organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the esophagus and the beginning of the duodenum.

• Stomach Diseases

  pathological processes involving the stomach.

• Stomach Neoplasms

  tumors or cancer of the stomach.

• Stomach Rupture

  bursting of the stomach.

• Stomach Ulcer

  ulceration of the gastric mucosa due to contact with gastric juice. it is often associated with helicobacter pylori infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids).

• Stomach Volvulus

  twisting of the stomach that may result in gastric ischemia and gastric outlet obstruction. it is often associated with diaphragmatic hernia.

• Stomach, Avian

  a component of the digestive system of birds which consists of the gizzard and proventriculus.

• Stomach, Ruminant

  a component of the digestive system of ruminants which consists of the abomasum; omasum; reticulum; and rumen.

• Lymphoma Finding

  a term that refers to clinicopathologic findings related to lymphomas.

Anatomical sites in the Table of Neoplasms that reference this code family.

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