2027 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code Z91.51Personal history of suicidal behavior

ICD-10-CM Codes›Z00–Z99›Z77-Z99›Z91

ICD-10-CM Z91.51
CMSSource: CMS FY 2027 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2027

Z91.51 is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for personal history of suicidal behavior. It is valid on HIPAA claims for fiscal year 2027 (October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027) and groups to MS-DRG 951. The code is not accepted as a principal diagnosis by the Medicare Code Editor and exempt from POA reporting. In AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software (CCSR), this diagnosis falls under Personal history of other disease.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
Z91.51
Billable Status
Yes — Valid for Submission
Code Describes
Personal history of suicidal behavior
Short Description
Personal history of suicidal behavior
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Parent Code
Z91.5
Personal history of self-harm

Code Classification

ChapterZ00–Z99Factors influencing health status and contact with health services
SectionZ77-Z99Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status
CategoryZ91Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified
This CodeZ91.51Personal history of suicidal behavior

Code EditsBilling

Medicare Code Editor checks that affect claim validity for Z91.51.

Unacceptable principal diagnosis
There are selected codes that describe a circumstance which influences an individual's health status but not a current illness or injury, or codes that are not specific manifestations but may be due to an underlying cause. These codes are considered unacceptable as a principal diagnosis.

Present on Admission (POA)Billing

Z91.51 is exempt from POA reporting on inpatient claims to general acute care hospitals. Review the other POA exempt codes in Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status (Z77-Z99).

Approximate SynonymsGuidance

Alternate terms and clinical phrases that map to this code.

  • Drowning self
  • Found hanging self
  • Hanging self
  • History of attempted suicide
  • Jumping from bridge
  • Jumping from building
  • Jumping from cliff
  • Jumping from height
  • Previous known suicide attempt
  • Self-electrocution
  • Self-incineration
  • Shooting self
  • Throwing self in front of train
  • Throwing self in front of vehicle

Instructional NotesGuidance

Instructions from the official ICD-10-CM Tabular List that apply to Z91.51: its own notes plus those printed at Z91.5, Z91, block Z77-Z99, and Chapter 21. A note printed at a category, block or chapter applies to every code under it.

Applicable To

Conditions this code is used for: synonyms of the title or, for "other specified" codes, the conditions assigned to it. The list is not exhaustive.

  • Personal history of parasuicide
  • Personal history of self-poisoning
  • Personal history of suicide attempt

Excludes2

Not included here: the excluded condition is not part of this code, but a patient may have both, so both codes may be reported.

From Z91 Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified applies to 62 codes
  • contact with and (suspected) exposures hazardous to health (Z77.-)
  • exposure to pollution and other problems related to physical environment (Z77.1-)
  • female genital mutilation status (N90.81-)
  • occupational exposure to risk factors (Z57.-)
  • personal history of physical injury and trauma (Z87.81, Z87.82-)

Code Also

A second code may be needed to fully describe the condition; the note gives no sequencing direction.

From Z91.5 Personal history of self-harm applies to 2 codes
  • mental health disorder, if known
From Block Z77-Z99 Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status applies to 567 codes
  • any follow-up examination (Z08-Z09)

Notes

General instructions on how these codes are used.

From Chapter 21 (Z00-Z99) Factors influencing health status and contact with health services applies to 1,425 codes
  • Z codes represent reasons for encounters. A corresponding procedure code must accompany a Z code if a procedure is performed. Categories Z00-Z99 are provided for occasions when circumstances other than a disease, injury or external cause classifiable to categories A00-Y89 are recorded as 'diagnoses' or 'problems'. This can arise in two main ways:
  • (a) When a person who may or may not be sick encounters the health services for some specific purpose, such as to receive limited care or service for a current condition, to donate an organ or tissue, to receive prophylactic vaccination (immunization), or to discuss a problem which is in itself not a disease or injury.
  • (b) When some circumstance or problem is present which influences the person's health status but is not in itself a current illness or injury.

Source: CMS ICD-10-CM Tabular List. How to read instructional notes.

Referenced in Other NotesGuidance

Instructional notes printed at other codes that name Z91.51, its category, or a range that includes it.

Excludes2 1

These codes carry an Excludes2 note naming Z91.51: its condition is not part of those codes, and both may be reported when the patient has both.

  • Z87.8 Personal history of other specified conditions
    personal history of self harm (Z91.5-) names Z91.5-, which includes this code

Index to Diseases and InjuriesGuidance

Alphabetical index entries that point to this code.

Clinical ClassificationClinical

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

CCSR FAC030
Personal history of other disease
Default principal diagnosis: inpatient No · outpatient Yes

Code History & ChangesHistory

Replacement Z91.51 replaces the following previously assigned code(s):

  • Z91.5 - Personal history of self-harm
FY 2022AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2021.
FY 2023–2026No changes
FY 2027CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Questions About Z91.51Overview

What is the ICD-10 code for personal history of suicidal behavior?

The ICD-10-CM code for personal history of suicidal behavior is Z91.51 (sometimes written as Z9151). It is billable on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Is Z91.51 (Personal history of self-harm) a billable code?

Yes. This is a billable ICD-10-CM code, specific enough to report personal history of suicidal behavior on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

What MS-DRG does Z91.51 group to?

On inpatient claims, personal history of suicidal behavior maps to MS-DRG 951 (other Factors Influencing Health Status), which carries a relative weight of 0.5574. Higher weights mean higher Medicare reimbursement.

Can Z91.51 be a principal diagnosis?

No. The Medicare Code Editor rejects this code as a principal diagnosis because personal history of suicidal behavior describes a circumstance that influences health status rather than a current illness. Report it as a secondary diagnosis.

Is Z91.51 exempt from POA reporting?

Yes. CMS lists this code among those exempt from present on admission reporting, so hospitals do not assign a POA indicator for personal history of suicidal behavior on inpatient claims. The code appears in the Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status (Z77-Z99) range of the CMS exempt list.