2026 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code R25.2Cramp and spasm

ICD-10-CM Codes›R00–R99›R25-R29›R25

ICD-10-CM R25.2
CMSSource: CMS FY 2026 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2025 – Sep 30, 2026

R25.2 is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for cramp and spasm. It is valid on HIPAA claims for fiscal year 2026 (October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026). As a symptom code, it should not be used as a principal diagnosis once a related definitive diagnosis has been established. In AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software (CCSR), this diagnosis falls under Other general signs and symptoms.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
R25.2
Billable Status
Yes — Valid for Submission
Code Describes
Cramp and spasm
Short Description
Cramp and spasm
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Parent Code
R25
Abnormal involuntary movements

Code Classification

ChapterR00–R99Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified
SectionR25-R29Symptoms and signs involving the nervous and musculoskeletal systems
CategoryR25Abnormal involuntary movements
This CodeR25.2Cramp and spasm

Approximate SynonymsGuidance

Alternate terms and clinical phrases that map to this code.

  • Acanthosis nigricans
  • Acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance with muscle cramp and acral enlargement syndrome
  • Benign fasciculation-cramp syndrome
  • Bilateral cramp of muscle of lower limbs
  • Bilateral muscle cramp of upper limbs
  • Bowel spasm
  • Carney complex, trismus, pseudocamptodactyly syndrome
  • Clasp knife like increase in tone
  • Congenital hypoplasia of cerebral hemisphere
  • Congenital hypoplasia of cerebral white matter
  • Cramp
  • Cramp in foot
  • Cramp in limb
  • Cramp in lower leg
  • Cramp in lower limb
  • Cramp of muscle of left lower limb
  • Cramp of muscle of left upper limb
  • Cramp of muscle of right lower limb
  • Cramp of muscle of right upper limb
  • Diffuse spasm
  • Disorders of spinal neurones manifest by hyperactivity
  • Early-onset progressive neurodegeneration, blindness, ataxia, spasticity syndrome
  • Hand cramps
  • Hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps syndrome
  • Hypernatremia
  • Hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity
  • Hypoplasia of corpus callosum
  • Infantile neurodegeneration, progressive spasticity, intellectual disability, white matter lesions syndrome
  • Insulin receptor defect
  • Intermittent painful muscle spasm
  • L1 syndrome
  • Lethal neonatal spasticity, epileptic encephalopathy syndrome
  • Local spasm
  • Masseter spasm
  • Microcephalus, brain defect, spasticity, hypernatremia syndrome
  • Muscular hypertonicity
  • Myxoma of heart
  • Nocturnal muscle cramp
  • Nocturnal muscle spasm
  • Spasm
  • Spasmodic movement
  • Spastic ataxia
  • Spastic foot
  • Spasticity
  • Spasticity as sequela of stroke
  • Tetanus with trismus
  • Trismus
  • Trismus following procedure on tooth
  • Trismus present
  • X-linked parkinsonism with spasticity syndrome
  • X-linked spasticity, intellectual disability, epilepsy syndrome

Tabular List NotesGuidance

Coding notes and annotation back-references applicable to this code.

Type 2 Excludes

Index to Diseases and InjuriesGuidance

Alphabetical index entries that point to this code.

External Cause of Injuries IndexGuidance

References for this code in the External Cause of Injuries Index.

    • Abnormal, abnormality, abnormalities
      • movement (disorder)
        • involuntary
          • spasm
    • Cramp(s)
    • Cramp(s)
      • limb (lower) (upper) NEC
    • Cramp(s)
      • muscle (limb) (general)
    • Hemispasm(facial)
    • Spasm(s), spastic, spasticity
    • Trismus

Clinical ClassificationClinical

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

CCSR SYM016
Other general signs and symptoms
Default principal diagnosis: inpatient Yes · outpatient Yes

Clinical InformationClinical

  • Acanthosis Nigricans

    a circumscribed melanosis consisting of a brown-pigmented, velvety verrucosity or fine papillomatosis appearing in the axillae and other body folds. it occurs in association with endocrine disorders, underlying malignancy, administration of certain drugs, or as in inherited disorder.

  • Hypernatremia

    excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (dorland, 27th ed)

  • Trismus

    spasmodic contraction of the masseter muscle resulting in forceful jaw closure. this may be seen with a variety of diseases, including tetanus, as a complication of radiation therapy, trauma, or in association with neoplastic conditions.

  • Tetanus

    a disease caused by tetanospasmin, a powerful protein toxin produced by clostridium tetani. tetanus usually occurs after an acute injury, such as a puncture wound or laceration. generalized tetanus, the most common form, is characterized by tetanic muscular contractions and hyperreflexia. localized tetanus presents itself as a mild condition with manifestations restricted to muscles near the wound. it may progress to the generalized form.

  • Grade 1 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 1 Hypernatremia

    >uln - 150 mmol/l

  • Grade 2 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 2 Hypernatremia

    >150 - 155 mmol/l; intervention initiated

  • Grade 3 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 3 Hypernatremia

    >155 - 160 mmol/l; hospitalization indicated

  • Acanthosis Nigricans

    a melanotic cutaneous lesion that develops in the axilla and other body folds. it may be idiopathic, drug-induced, or it may be associated with the presence of an endocrine disorder or malignancy.

  • Hyperandrogenism, Insulin Resistance, Acanthosis Nigricans Syndrome|HAIR-AN Syndrome

    a condition characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans, typically associated with obesity in teenage girls. it is considered to be a subtype of polycystic ovarian syndrome, but may occur in male individuals. etiology is unclear, but some cases may be associated with mutations affecting the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor.

  • Insulin Resistant Diabetes Mellitus with Acanthosis Nigricans and Hyperandrogenism|Type A Insulin Resistance Syndrome

    a syndrome of insulin resistance caused by mutation(s) in the insr gene, encoding the insulin receptor. this condition is characterized by a clinical triad of hyperinsulinemia, acanthosis nigricans, and hyperandrogenism without lipodystrophy. this is the least severe of a spectrum of disorders; the other two conditions are rabson-mendenhall syndrome and donohoe syndrome.

  • Grade 1 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 1 Hypernatremia

    >uln-150 mmol/l

  • Grade 2 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 2 Hypernatremia

    >150-155 mmol/l; intervention initiated

  • Grade 3 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 3 Hypernatremia

    >155-160 mmol/l; hospitalization indicated

  • Grade 4 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 4 Hypernatremia

    >160 mmol/l; life-threatening consequences

  • Grade 5 Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Grade 5 Hypernatremia

    death

  • Hypernatremia

    higher than normal levels of sodium in the circulating blood.

  • Hypernatremia, CTCAE|Hypernatremia|Hypernatremia

    a disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of sodium in the blood.

  • Grade 1 Trismus, CTCAE|CTCAE Grade 1 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)|Grade 1 Trismus|Grade 1 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)

    decreased rom (range of motion) without impaired eating

  • Grade 2 Trismus, CTCAE|CTCAE Grade 2 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)|Grade 2 Trismus|Grade 2 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)

    decreased rom requiring small bites, soft foods or purees

  • Grade 3 Trismus, CTCAE|CTCAE Grade 3 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)|Grade 3 Trismus|Grade 3 Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)

    decreased rom with inability to adequately aliment or hydrate orally

  • Trismus

    lack of ability to open the mouth fully due to decreased range of motion of the muscles of mastication. it may be a symptom of tetanus.

  • Trismus, CTCAE|Trismus|Trismus|Trismus (difficulty, restriction or pain when opening mouth)

    a disorder characterized by lack of ability to open the mouth fully due to a decrease in the range of motion of the muscles of mastication.

Patient EducationClinical

Muscle Cramps

Muscle cramps are sudden, involuntary contractions or spasms in one or more of your muscles. They are very common and often occur after exercise. Some people get muscle cramps, especially leg cramps, at night. They can be painful, and they may last a few seconds to several minutes.

The full article covers:

  • What are muscle cramps?
  • What causes muscle cramps?
  • Who is at risk for muscle cramps?
  • When do I need to see a health care provider for muscle cramps?
  • What are the treatments for muscle cramps?
  • Can muscle cramps be prevented?

Read the full article at MedlinePlus

Courtesy of MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Convert R25.2 to ICD-9-CMHistory

The closest ICD-9-CM equivalents under the General Equivalence Mappings.

ICD-9-CM
729.82 Cramp in limb
Approximate The match is approximate rather than exact.
ICD-9-CM
781.0 Abn involun movement NEC
Approximate The match is approximate rather than exact.

Code HistoryHistory

FY 2016AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2015, the first year of ICD-10-CM.
FY 2017–2025No changes
FY 2026CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Questions About R25.2Overview

Is R25.2 (Abnormal involuntary movements) a billable code?

Yes. This is a billable ICD-10-CM code, specific enough to report cramp and spasm on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Can R25.2 be a principal diagnosis?

Use it with care. This is a symptom code, so once a definitive diagnosis explaining the cramp and spasm is established, that condition takes the principal position instead.

What is the ICD-9 equivalent of R25.2?

Under the General Equivalence Mappings, cramp and spasm converts to ICD-9-CM 729.82 (cramp in limb) and 781.0 (abn involun movement NEC). The mapping is approximate, so confirm the match fits the documentation.

Footnotes

[1] Not chronic - A diagnosis code that does not fit the criteria for chronic condition (duration, ongoing medical treatment, and limitations) is considered not chronic. Some codes designated as not chronic are acute conditions. Other diagnosis codes that indicate a possible chronic condition, but for which the duration of the illness is not specified in the code description (i.e., we do not know the condition has lasted 12 months or longer) also are considered not chronic.