R25.8 - Other abnormal involuntary movements

Approximate Synonyms

The following clinical terms are approximate synonyms or lay terms that might be used to identify the correct diagnosis code:

• Ankle clonus
• Ankle clonus present
• Ankle clonus sustained
• Ankle clonus unsustained
• Anodal closure clonus
• Athetoid movement
• Athetoid paralysis
• Athetosis
• Athetosis with rigidity
• Athetosis with spastic paraplegia
• Blink reflex finding
• Blinking
• Bradykinesia
• Clonus
• Excessive blinking - involuntary
• Flinging movement
• Flinging movement of arm
• Flinging movement of leg
• Involuntary truncal rocking
• Movement of eyelid - finding
• Named sensory sign
• Opisthotonus
• Patella clonus unsustained
• Patellar clonus
• Patellar clonus present
• Patellar clonus sustained
• Posthemiplegic athetosis
• Pseudoathetosis
• Rumination - mouth
• Sustained clonus
• Synkinesis
• Synkinesis of eyelid
• Synkinesis of face
• Wrist clonus
• Writhing movements

Clinical Information

• Blinking-. brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by voluntary action.
• Athetosis-. a dyskinesia characterized by an inability to maintain the fingers, toes, tongue, or other body parts in a stable position, resulting in continuous slow, sinusoidal, and flowing involuntary movements. this condition is frequently accompanied by chorea, where it is referred to as choreoathetosis. athetosis may occur as a manifestation of basal ganglia diseases or drug toxicity. (from adams et al., principles of neurology, 6th ed, p76)
• Synkinesis-. an involuntary movement accompanying a volitional movement. it often refers to facial movements that accompany facial paralysis.
• Facial Paralysis-. severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor function. this condition may result from central or peripheral lesions. damage to cns motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that generally spares the forehead muscles. facial nerve diseases generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness. neuromuscular junction diseases and muscular diseases may also cause facial paralysis or paresis.
• Clonus-. a form of involuntary muscular movement characterized by alternating contractions and relaxation in rapid succession. in the context of reflex testing, the ability to elicit clonus indicates injury to the nerve tracts above the point at which the reflex was initiated.
• Myoclonus-. a rapid, involuntary jerk of a muscle or group of muscles.
• Opsoclonus-. a rapid, multivectorial, conjugate, involuntary eye movement, without an intersaccadic interval.
• Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome|Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome-. a combination of opsoclonus (involuntary conjugate eye movements of large amplitude) and myoclonic jerks. this can be a paraneoplastic syndrome (a result of brain metastasis) or post-infectious (viral encephalitis).
• Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus Ataxia|POA|Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus-Ataxia-. ataxia associated with chaotic multidirectional conjugate eye movements secondary to metastatic tumors to cerebellum. the most common malignant tumor associated with this paraneoplastic syndrome is lung carcinoma. (nci)
• Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy-. a rare group of disorders characterized by the development of myoclonic and tonic-clonic epileptic seizures associated with progressive degeneration of the nervous system.
• Bradykinesia-. slow movement.
• Bradykinesia Evaluation|BRADYKIN|Bradykinesia|Bradykinesia-. an evaluation of bradykinesia.
• ESRS-A - Bradykinesia/Hypokinesia|ESRSA1-Bradykinesia/Hypokinesia|ESRSA1-Bradykinesia/Hypokinesia|ESRSA110-. extrapyramidal symptom rating scale-abbreviated (esrs-a) parkinsonism: bradykinesia or hypokinesia.
• MDS-UPDRS - Body Bradykinesia|UPD2-Body Bradykinesia|UPD2-Body Bradykinesia|UPD2314-. the movement disorder society version of the unified parkinson's disease rating scale (mds-updrs) global spontaneity of movement (body bradykinesia).
• UHDRS 1999 Version - Bradykinesia: Body|UHDR1-Bradykinesia: Body|UHDR1-Bradykinesia: Body|UHDR110-. unified huntington's disease rating scale 1999 version (uhdrs 1999 version) bradykinesia-body.
• UPDRS - Motor Examination: Body Bradykinesia and Hypokinesia|UPD1-Motor:Bradykinesia and Hypokinesia|UPD1-Motor:Bradykinesia and Hypokinesia|UPD131-. unified parkinson's disease rating scale (updrs) motor examination; body bradykinesia and hypokinesia (combining slowness, hesitancy, decreased arm swing, small amplitude, and poverty of movement in general.).
• Athetosis-. slow, involuntary, and nonpurposeful writhing movements that usually affect the upper limbs.
• Choreoathetosis|Choreathetosis-. abnormal movement characterized by involuntary jerking and writhing affecting the limbs, trunk, and facial muscles.
• Infantile Convulsions and Paroxysmal Choreoathetosis, Familial|ICCA|ICCA Syndrome|PKD/IC|Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia with Infantile Convulsions-. an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutation(s) in the prrt2 gene, encoding proline-rich transmembrane protein 2. it is characterized by epileptic seizures and paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis. it shares features with episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia-1, which is an allelic disorder.

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Patient Education

Movement Disorders

Movement disorders are neurologic conditions that cause problems with movement, such as:

• Increased movement that can be voluntary (intentional) or involuntary (unintended)
• Decreased or slow voluntary movement

There are many different movement disorders. Some of the more common types include:

• Ataxia, the loss of muscle coordination
• Dystonia, in which involuntary contractions of your muscles cause twisting and repetitive movements. The movements can be painful.
• Huntington's disease, an inherited disease that causes nerve cells in certain parts of the brain to waste away. This includes the nerve cells that help to control voluntary movement.
• Parkinson's disease, which is disorder that slowly gets worse over time. It causes tremors, slowness of movement, and trouble walking.
• Tourette syndrome, a condition which causes people to make sudden twitches, movements, or sounds (tics)
• Tremor and essential tremor, which cause involuntary trembling or shaking movements. The movements may be in one or more parts of your body.

Causes of movement disorders include:

• Genetics
• Infections
• Medicines
• Damage to the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves
• Metabolic disorders
• Stroke and vascular diseases
• Toxins

Treatment varies by disorder. Medicines can cure some disorders. Others get better when an underlying disease is treated. Often, however, there is no cure. In that case, the goal of treatment is to improve symptoms and relieve pain.

Code History

• FY 2023 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2022 through 9/30/2023
• FY 2022 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2021 through 9/30/2022
• FY 2021 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2020 through 9/30/2021
• FY 2020 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2019 through 9/30/2020
• FY 2019 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2018 through 9/30/2019
• FY 2018 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2017 through 9/30/2018
• FY 2017 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2016 through 9/30/2017
• FY 2016 - New Code, effective from 10/1/2015 through 9/30/2016 (First year ICD-10-CM implemented into the HIPAA code set)