2026 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code Z91.52Personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm

ICD-10-CM Codes›Z00–Z99›Z77-Z99›Z91

ICD-10-CM Z91.52
CMSSource: CMS FY 2026 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2025 – Sep 30, 2026

Z91.52 is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm. It is valid on HIPAA claims for fiscal year 2026 (October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026). The code is not accepted as a principal diagnosis by the Medicare Code Editor and exempt from POA reporting. In AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software (CCSR), this diagnosis falls under Personal history of other disease.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
Z91.52
Billable Status
Yes — Valid for Submission
Code Describes
Personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm
Short Description
Personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Parent Code
Z91.5
Personal history of self-harm

Code Classification

ChapterZ00–Z99Factors influencing health status and contact with health services
SectionZ77-Z99Persons with potential health hazards related to family and personal history and certain conditions influencing health status
CategoryZ91Personal risk factors, not elsewhere classified
This CodeZ91.52Personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm

Code EditsBilling

Medicare Code Editor checks that affect claim validity for Z91.52.

Unacceptable principal diagnosis
There are selected codes that describe a circumstance which influences an individual's health status but not a current illness or injury, or codes that are not specific manifestations but may be due to an underlying cause. These codes are considered unacceptable as a principal diagnosis.

Present on Admission (POA)Billing

Z91.52 is exempt from POA reporting on inpatient claims to general acute care hospitals. Review other POA exempt codes.

Approximate SynonymsGuidance

Alternate terms and clinical phrases that map to this code.

  • Biting own arm
  • Biting own fingers
  • Biting own hand
  • Biting own toes
  • Biting own tongue
  • Biting self
  • Breaking own bones
  • Damaging own wounds
  • Eating own flesh
  • Enucleation of own eyes
  • Gouging own body parts
  • Gouging own eyes
  • Gouging own flesh
  • Gouging own rectum
  • Gouging own vagina
  • Head-hitting
  • Hitting self
  • Inserting foreign bodies into own orifices
  • Inserting objects into wound
  • Nipping self
  • Picking own skin
  • Pinching self
  • Poking fingers into wound
  • Pulling out sutures
  • Pulling own teeth out
  • Punching self
  • Removing own nails
  • Reopening scars
  • Rubbing own skin
  • Scratches self
  • Self-inducing a prolapse
  • Self-inflicted skin problems
  • Self-mutilation
  • Self-mutilation of ears
  • Self-mutilation of eyes
  • Self-mutilation of genitalia
  • Self-mutilation of hands
  • Self-mutilation of penis
  • Slapping self
  • Stripping own skin

Tabular List NotesGuidance

Coding notes and annotation back-references applicable to this code.

Inclusion Terms

  • Personal history of nonsuicidal self-injury
  • Personal history of self-inflicted injury without suicidal intent
  • Personal history of self-mutilation

Index to Diseases and InjuriesGuidance

Alphabetical index entries that point to this code.

External Cause of Injuries IndexGuidance

References for this code in the External Cause of Injuries Index.

    • History
      • personal (of)
        • self-harm
          • nonsuicidal
    • History
      • personal (of)
        • self-inflicted injury without suicidal intent
    • History
      • personal (of)
        • self-injury
          • nonsuicidal
    • History
      • personal (of)
        • self-mutilation
    • Self-harm(attempted)
      • history (personal)
        • nonsuicidal
    • Self-injury, nonsuicidal
      • personal history
    • Self-mutilation(attempted)
      • history (personal)
        • nonsuicidal

Clinical ClassificationClinical

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

CCSR FAC030
Personal history of other disease
Default principal diagnosis: inpatient No · outpatient Yes

Clinical InformationClinical

  • Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

    an inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase. affected individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders, progressive spasticity, and seizures. self-destructive behaviors such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently. intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not severe. elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (menkes, textbook of child neurology, 5th ed, pp127)

  • Self Mutilation

    the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body.

  • Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase

    an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate and hypoxanthine, guanine, or mercaptopurine to the corresponding 5'-mononucleotides and pyrophosphate. the enzyme is important in purine biosynthesis as well as central nervous system functions. complete lack of enzyme activity is associated with the lesch-nyhan syndrome, while partial deficiency results in overproduction of uric acid. ec 2.4.2.8.

Code History & ChangesHistory

Replacement Z91.52 replaces the following previously assigned code(s):

  • Z91.5 - Personal history of self-harm
FY 2022AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2021.
FY 2023–2025No changes
FY 2026CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Questions About Z91.52Overview

Is Z91.52 (Personal history of self-harm) a billable code?

Yes. This is a billable ICD-10-CM code, specific enough to report personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Can Z91.52 be a principal diagnosis?

No. The Medicare Code Editor rejects this code as a principal diagnosis because personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm describes a circumstance that influences health status rather than a current illness. Report it as a secondary diagnosis.

Is Z91.52 exempt from POA reporting?

Yes. CMS lists this code among those exempt from present on admission reporting, so hospitals do not assign a POA indicator for personal history of nonsuicidal self-harm on inpatient claims.