2026 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code R45.1Restlessness and agitation

ICD-10-CM Codes›R00–R99›R40-R46›R45

ICD-10-CM R45.1
CMSSource: CMS FY 2026 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2025 – Sep 30, 2026

R45.1 is a billable ICD-10-CM diagnosis code for restlessness and agitation. It is valid on HIPAA claims for fiscal year 2026 (October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026). As a symptom code, it should not be used as a principal diagnosis once a related definitive diagnosis has been established. In AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software (CCSR), this diagnosis falls under Symptoms of mental and substance use conditions.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
R45.1
Billable Status
Yes — Valid for Submission
Code Describes
Restlessness and agitation
Short Description
Restlessness and agitation
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Parent Code
R45
Symptoms and signs involving emotional state

Code Classification

ChapterR00–R99Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified
SectionR40-R46Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behavior
CategoryR45Symptoms and signs involving emotional state
This CodeR45.1Restlessness and agitation

Approximate SynonymsGuidance

Alternate terms and clinical phrases that map to this code.

  • Agitated wandering
  • Aimless movement
  • Aimless overactivity
  • Constant movement
  • Continuously shifting in seat
  • Feeling agitated
  • Fidgeting
  • Pacing up and down
  • Psychomotor agitation
  • Reduced level of agitation
  • Restlessness
  • Restlessness and agitation
  • Squirming
  • Stress and adjustment reaction
  • Stress reaction with psychomotor agitation
  • Verbal agitation
  • Wandering

Index to Diseases and InjuriesGuidance

Alphabetical index entries that point to this code.

External Cause of Injuries IndexGuidance

References for this code in the External Cause of Injuries Index.

    • Agitation
    • Restlessness
    • State(of)
      • agitated
    • State(of)
      • restlessness

Clinical ClassificationClinical

AHRQ’s CCSR groups this code into broader clinical categories.

CCSR SYM008
Symptoms of mental and substance use conditions
Default principal diagnosis: inpatient Yes · outpatient Yes

Clinical InformationClinical

  • Psychomotor Agitation

    a feeling of restlessness associated with increased motor activity. this may occur as a manifestation of nervous system drug toxicity or other conditions.

Patient EducationClinical

Anxiety

Anxiety is a feeling of fear, dread, and uneasiness. It might cause you to sweat, feel restless and tense, and have a rapid heartbeat. It can be a normal reaction to stress. For example, you might feel anxious when faced with a difficult problem at work, before taking a test, or before making an important decision.

The full article covers:

  • What is anxiety?
  • What are anxiety disorders?
  • What are the types of anxiety disorders?
  • What causes anxiety disorders?
  • Who is at risk for anxiety disorders?
  • What are the symptoms of anxiety disorders?
  • How are anxiety disorders diagnosed?
  • What are the treatments for anxiety disorders?

Read the full article at MedlinePlus

Courtesy of MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Convert R45.1 to ICD-9-CMHistory

The closest ICD-9-CM equivalents under the General Equivalence Mappings.

ICD-9-CM
307.9 Special symptom NEC/NOS
Approximate The match is approximate rather than exact.

Code HistoryHistory

FY 2016AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2015, the first year of ICD-10-CM.
FY 2017–2025No changes
FY 2026CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Questions About R45.1Overview

Is R45.1 (Symptoms and signs involving emotional state) a billable code?

Yes. This is a billable ICD-10-CM code, specific enough to report restlessness and agitation on HIPAA-covered claims from October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.

Can R45.1 be a principal diagnosis?

Use it with care. This is a symptom code, so once a definitive diagnosis explaining the restlessness and agitation is established, that condition takes the principal position instead.

What is the ICD-9 equivalent of R45.1?

Under the General Equivalence Mappings, restlessness and agitation converts to ICD-9-CM 307.9 (special symptom NEC/NOS). The mapping is approximate, so confirm the match fits the documentation.

Footnotes

[1] Not chronic - A diagnosis code that does not fit the criteria for chronic condition (duration, ongoing medical treatment, and limitations) is considered not chronic. Some codes designated as not chronic are acute conditions. Other diagnosis codes that indicate a possible chronic condition, but for which the duration of the illness is not specified in the code description (i.e., we do not know the condition has lasted 12 months or longer) also are considered not chronic.