2027 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code S31Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals

ICD-10-CM Codes›S00–T88›S30-S39›S31

ICD-10-CM S31
CMSSource: CMS FY 2027 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2027

S31 is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code for open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals, so it cannot be submitted on claims. Use a more specific code from this category instead, such as S31.000A, S31.000D, S31.000S, and S31.001A.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
S31
Billable Status
No — Non-Billable Category
Code Describes
Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals
Short Description
Opn wnd abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals
Chapter
S30-S39
Injuries to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine, pelvis and external genitals

Code Classification

ChapterS00–T88Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes
SectionS30-S39Injuries to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine, pelvis and external genitals
CategoryS31Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals
This CodeS31Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals

Specific Coding for Opn wnd abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitalsOverview

Non-specific codes like S31 require more characters. Use one of these billable codes instead:

  • S31.0 for Open wound of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.00 for Unspecified open wound of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.01 for Laceration without foreign body of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.02 for Laceration with foreign body of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.03 for Puncture wound without foreign body of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.04 for Puncture wound with foreign body of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.05 for Open bite of lower back and pelvis

  • S31.1 for Open wound of abdominal wall without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.10 for Unspecified open wound of abdominal wall without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.11 for Laceration without foreign body of abdominal wall without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.12 for Laceration with foreign body of abdominal wall without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.13 for Puncture wound of abdominal wall without foreign body without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.14 for Puncture wound of abdominal wall with foreign body without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.15 for Open bite of abdominal wall without penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.2 for Open wound of penis

  • S31.20 for Unspecified open wound of penis

  • S31.21 for Laceration without foreign body of penis

  • S31.22 for Laceration with foreign body of penis

  • S31.23 for Puncture wound without foreign body of penis

  • S31.24 for Puncture wound with foreign body of penis

  • S31.25 for Open bite of penis

  • S31.3 for Open wound of scrotum and testes

  • S31.30 for Unspecified open wound of scrotum and testes

  • S31.31 for Laceration without foreign body of scrotum and testes

  • S31.32 for Laceration with foreign body of scrotum and testes

  • S31.33 for Puncture wound without foreign body of scrotum and testes

  • S31.34 for Puncture wound with foreign body of scrotum and testes

  • S31.35 for Open bite of scrotum and testes

  • S31.4 for Open wound of vagina and vulva

  • S31.40 for Unspecified open wound of vagina and vulva

  • S31.41 for Laceration without foreign body of vagina and vulva

  • S31.42 for Laceration with foreign body of vagina and vulva

  • S31.43 for Puncture wound without foreign body of vagina and vulva

  • S31.44 for Puncture wound with foreign body of vagina and vulva

  • S31.45 for Open bite of vagina and vulva

  • S31.5 for Open wound of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.50 for Unspecified open wound of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.51 for Laceration without foreign body of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.52 for Laceration with foreign body of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.53 for Puncture wound without foreign body of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.54 for Puncture wound with foreign body of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.55 for Open bite of unspecified external genital organs

  • S31.6 for Open wound of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.60 for Unspecified open wound of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.61 for Laceration without foreign body of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.62 for Laceration with foreign body of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.63 for Puncture wound without foreign body of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.64 for Puncture wound with foreign body of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.65 for Open bite of abdominal wall with penetration into peritoneal cavity

  • S31.8 for Open wound of other parts of abdomen, lower back and pelvis

  • S31.80 for Open wound of unspecified buttock

  • S31.81 for Open wound of right buttock

  • S31.82 for Open wound of left buttock

  • S31.83 for Open wound of anus

Coding GuidelinesGuidance

The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from block Open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals (S31). Use the following options for the applicable episode of care:

  • A - initial encounter
  • D - subsequent encounter
  • S - sequela

Source: ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, FY 2027, published by CMS and the National Center for Health Statistics.

Instructional NotesGuidance

Instructions from the official ICD-10-CM Tabular List that apply to S31: its own notes plus those printed at block S30-S39 and Chapter 19. A note printed at a category, block or chapter applies to every code under it.

Includes

Further defines, or gives examples of, the content of the category.

From Block S30-S39 Injuries to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine, pelvis and external genitals applies to 2,679 codes
  • injuries to the abdominal wall
  • injuries to the anus
  • injuries to the buttock
  • injuries to the external genitalia
  • injuries to the flank
  • injuries to the groin

Excludes1

Not coded here: the excluded code is never reported together with this one, unless the two conditions are unrelated.

  • traumatic amputation of part of abdomen, lower back and pelvis (S38.2-, S38.3)

Excludes2

Not included here: the excluded condition is not part of this code, but a patient may have both, so both codes may be reported.

On S31 itself
From Block S30-S39 Injuries to the abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine, pelvis and external genitals applies to 2,679 codes
  • burns and corrosions (T20-T32)
  • effects of foreign body in anus and rectum (T18.5)
  • effects of foreign body in genitourinary tract (T19.-)
  • effects of foreign body in stomach, small intestine and colon (T18.2-T18.4)
  • frostbite (T33-T34)
  • insect bite or sting, venomous (T63.4)
From Chapter 19 (S00-T88) Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes applies to 41,187 codes

Use Additional Code

Add a second code, after this one, to fully describe the condition.

From Chapter 19 (S00-T88) Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes applies to 41,187 codes
  • code to identify any retained foreign body, if applicable (Z18.-)

Code Also

A second code may be needed to fully describe the condition; the note gives no sequencing direction.

Notes

General instructions on how these codes are used.

From Chapter 19 (S00-T88) Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes applies to 41,187 codes
  • Use secondary code(s) from Chapter 20, External causes of morbidity, to indicate cause of injury. Codes within the T section that include the external cause do not require an additional external cause code
  • The chapter uses the S-section for coding different types of injuries related to single body regions and the T-section to cover injuries to unspecified body regions as well as poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes.

7th Character

Every code in the category takes a 7th character from the listed values, with the placeholder X filling any empty positions before it.

  • The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category S31
Values for category S31 Encounter: Initial, Subsequent, Sequela
  • Ainitial encounter
  • Dsubsequent encounter
  • Ssequela

Source: CMS ICD-10-CM Tabular List. How to read instructional notes.

Referenced in Other NotesGuidance

Instructional notes printed at other codes that name S31, its category, or a range that includes it.

Use Additional Code 1

These codes say to use an additional code from the note, and S31 is one of the codes named.

  • S38.1 Crushing injury of abdomen, lower back, and pelvis
    open wound of abdominal wall (S31.-)

Code Also 6

These codes say S31 may also be needed to fully describe the condition. The note gives no sequencing direction.

  • S33.1 Subluxation and dislocation of lumbar vertebra
    open wound of abdomen, lower back and pelvis (S31)
  • S34 Injury of lumbar and sacral spinal cord and nerves at abdomen, lower back and pelvis level
    open wound of abdomen, lower back and pelvis (S31.-)
  • S35 Injury of blood vessels at abdomen, lower back and pelvis level
    any associated open wound (S31.-)
  • S36 Injury of intra-abdominal organs
    any associated open wound (S31.-)
  • S37 Injury of urinary and pelvic organs
    any associated open wound (S31.-)
  • S39 Other and unspecified injuries of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals
    any associated open wound (S31.-)

Patient EducationClinical

Wounds and Injuries

An injury is damage to your body. It is a general term that refers to harm caused by accidents, falls, hits, weapons, and more. In the U.S., millions of people injure themselves every year. These injuries range from minor to life-threatening.

Read the full article at MedlinePlus

Courtesy of MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Code HistoryHistory

FY 2016AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2015, the first year of ICD-10-CM.
FY 2017–2026No changes
FY 2027CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Questions About S31Overview

What is the ICD-10 code for open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals?

S31 is the ICD-10-CM category for open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals, but it is a non-billable header: claims need a more specific code from this category, listed on this page.

Is S31 a billable code?

No. This is a category header that groups the codes for open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals, and headers cannot be submitted on claims. Claims for open wound of abdomen, lower back, pelvis and external genitals need a more specific code from this category, such as S31.000A, S31.000D, and S31.000S.

Can S31 be reported with a code from S38.2?

Not as a rule. The Excludes1 note on S31 lists "traumatic amputation of part of abdomen, lower back and pelvis (S38.2-, S38.3)". An Excludes1 note means the excluded code is never reported together with this one; the only exception is when the two conditions are unrelated to each other (Official Guidelines, Section I.A.12.a).