Injury of cranial nerve (S04) ICD-10-CM
The S04 code range covers injury of cranial nerve with 167 ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes. 114 of them are billable and valid for claim submission in fiscal year 2026, and the category headers group them but cannot themselves be billed.
Inclusion Terms
These terms are the conditions for which that code is to be used. The terms may be synonyms of the code title, or, in the case of "other specified" codes, the terms are a list of the various conditions assigned to that code. The inclusion terms are not necessarily exhaustive. Additional terms found only in the Alphabetic Index may also be assigned to a code.
- The selection of side should be based on the side of the body being affected
Code First
Certain conditions have both an underlying etiology and multiple body system manifestations due to the underlying etiology. For such conditions, the ICD-10-CM has a coding convention that requires the underlying condition be sequenced first followed by the manifestation. Wherever such a combination exists, there is a "use additional code" note at the etiology code, and a "code first" note at the manifestation code. These instructional notes indicate the proper sequencing order of the codes, etiology followed by manifestation.
- any associated intracranial injury S06
Code Also
A "code also" note instructs that two codes may be required to fully describe a condition, but this note does not provide sequencing direction.
7th Character Note
Certain ICD-10-CM categories have applicable 7th characters. The applicable 7th character is required for all codes within the category, or as the notes in the Tabular List instruct. The 7th character must always be the 7th character in the data field. If a code that requires a 7th character is not 6 characters, a placeholder X must be used to fill in the empty characters.
- The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category S04
7th Character
Indicates that a seventh character is to be assigned to codes in a subcategory.
- A - initial encounter
- D - subsequent encounter
- S - sequela
Codes in the S04 Range 167 codes · 114 billable
- S04 Injury of cranial nerveNon-billable
- S04.0 Injury of optic nerve and pathwaysNon-billable
- S04.01 Injury of optic nerveNon-billable
- S04.011 Injury of optic nerve, right eyeNon-billable
- S04.011A Injury of optic nerve, right eye, initial encounter
- S04.011D Injury of optic nerve, right eye, subsequent encounter
- S04.011S Injury of optic nerve, right eye, sequela
- S04.012 Injury of optic nerve, left eyeNon-billable
- S04.012A Injury of optic nerve, left eye, initial encounter
- S04.012D Injury of optic nerve, left eye, subsequent encounter
- S04.012S Injury of optic nerve, left eye, sequela
- S04.019 Injury of optic nerve, unspecified eyeNon-billable
- S04.019A Injury of optic nerve, unspecified eye, initial encounter
- S04.019D Injury of optic nerve, unspecified eye, subsequent encounter
- S04.019S Injury of optic nerve, unspecified eye, sequela
- S04.02 Injury of optic chiasmNon-billable
- S04.02XA Injury of optic chiasm, initial encounter
- S04.02XD Injury of optic chiasm, subsequent encounter
- S04.02XS Injury of optic chiasm, sequela
- S04.03 Injury of optic tract and pathwaysNon-billable
- S04.031 Injury of optic tract and pathways, right sideNon-billable
- S04.031A Injury of optic tract and pathways, right side, initial encounter
- S04.031D Injury of optic tract and pathways, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.031S Injury of optic tract and pathways, right side, sequela
- S04.032 Injury of optic tract and pathways, left sideNon-billable
- S04.032A Injury of optic tract and pathways, left side, initial encounter
- S04.032D Injury of optic tract and pathways, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.032S Injury of optic tract and pathways, left side, sequela
- S04.039 Injury of optic tract and pathways, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.039A Injury of optic tract and pathways, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.039D Injury of optic tract and pathways, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.039S Injury of optic tract and pathways, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.04 Injury of visual cortexNon-billable
- S04.041 Injury of visual cortex, right sideNon-billable
- S04.041A Injury of visual cortex, right side, initial encounter
- S04.041D Injury of visual cortex, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.041S Injury of visual cortex, right side, sequela
- S04.042 Injury of visual cortex, left sideNon-billable
- S04.042A Injury of visual cortex, left side, initial encounter
- S04.042D Injury of visual cortex, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.042S Injury of visual cortex, left side, sequela
- S04.049 Injury of visual cortex, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.049A Injury of visual cortex, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.049D Injury of visual cortex, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.049S Injury of visual cortex, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.1 Injury of oculomotor nerveNon-billable
- S04.10 Injury of oculomotor nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.10XA Injury of oculomotor nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.10XD Injury of oculomotor nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.10XS Injury of oculomotor nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.11 Injury of oculomotor nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.11XA Injury of oculomotor nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.11XD Injury of oculomotor nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.11XS Injury of oculomotor nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.12 Injury of oculomotor nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.12XA Injury of oculomotor nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.12XD Injury of oculomotor nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.12XS Injury of oculomotor nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.2 Injury of trochlear nerveNon-billable
- S04.20 Injury of trochlear nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.20XA Injury of trochlear nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.20XD Injury of trochlear nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.20XS Injury of trochlear nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.21 Injury of trochlear nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.21XA Injury of trochlear nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.21XD Injury of trochlear nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.21XS Injury of trochlear nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.22 Injury of trochlear nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.22XA Injury of trochlear nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.22XD Injury of trochlear nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.22XS Injury of trochlear nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.3 Injury of trigeminal nerveNon-billable
- S04.30 Injury of trigeminal nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.30XA Injury of trigeminal nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.30XD Injury of trigeminal nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.30XS Injury of trigeminal nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.31 Injury of trigeminal nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.31XA Injury of trigeminal nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.31XD Injury of trigeminal nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.31XS Injury of trigeminal nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.32 Injury of trigeminal nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.32XA Injury of trigeminal nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.32XD Injury of trigeminal nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.32XS Injury of trigeminal nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.4 Injury of abducent nerveNon-billable
- S04.40 Injury of abducent nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.40XA Injury of abducent nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.40XD Injury of abducent nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.40XS Injury of abducent nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.41 Injury of abducent nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.41XA Injury of abducent nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.41XD Injury of abducent nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.41XS Injury of abducent nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.42 Injury of abducent nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.42XA Injury of abducent nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.42XD Injury of abducent nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.42XS Injury of abducent nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.5 Injury of facial nerveNon-billable
- S04.50 Injury of facial nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.50XA Injury of facial nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.50XD Injury of facial nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.50XS Injury of facial nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.51 Injury of facial nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.51XA Injury of facial nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.51XD Injury of facial nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.51XS Injury of facial nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.52 Injury of facial nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.52XA Injury of facial nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.52XD Injury of facial nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.52XS Injury of facial nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.6 Injury of acoustic nerveNon-billable
- S04.60 Injury of acoustic nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.60XA Injury of acoustic nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.60XD Injury of acoustic nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.60XS Injury of acoustic nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.61 Injury of acoustic nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.61XA Injury of acoustic nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.61XD Injury of acoustic nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.61XS Injury of acoustic nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.62 Injury of acoustic nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.62XA Injury of acoustic nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.62XD Injury of acoustic nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.62XS Injury of acoustic nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.7 Injury of accessory nerveNon-billable
- S04.70 Injury of accessory nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.70XA Injury of accessory nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.70XD Injury of accessory nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.70XS Injury of accessory nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.71 Injury of accessory nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.71XA Injury of accessory nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.71XD Injury of accessory nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.71XS Injury of accessory nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.72 Injury of accessory nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.72XA Injury of accessory nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.72XD Injury of accessory nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.72XS Injury of accessory nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.8 Injury of other cranial nervesNon-billable
- S04.81 Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerveNon-billable
- S04.811 Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, right sideNon-billable
- S04.811A Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, right side, initial encounter
- S04.811D Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.811S Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, right side, sequela
- S04.812 Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, left sideNon-billable
- S04.812A Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, left side, initial encounter
- S04.812D Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.812S Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, left side, sequela
- S04.819 Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.819A Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.819D Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.819S Injury of olfactory [1st ] nerve, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.89 Injury of other cranial nervesNon-billable
- S04.891 Injury of other cranial nerves, right sideNon-billable
- S04.891A Injury of other cranial nerves, right side, initial encounter
- S04.891D Injury of other cranial nerves, right side, subsequent encounter
- S04.891S Injury of other cranial nerves, right side, sequela
- S04.892 Injury of other cranial nerves, left sideNon-billable
- S04.892A Injury of other cranial nerves, left side, initial encounter
- S04.892D Injury of other cranial nerves, left side, subsequent encounter
- S04.892S Injury of other cranial nerves, left side, sequela
- S04.899 Injury of other cranial nerves, unspecified sideNon-billable
- S04.899A Injury of other cranial nerves, unspecified side, initial encounter
- S04.899D Injury of other cranial nerves, unspecified side, subsequent encounter
- S04.899S Injury of other cranial nerves, unspecified side, sequela
- S04.9 Injury of unspecified cranial nerveNon-billable
- S04.9XXA Injury of unspecified cranial nerve, initial encounter
- S04.9XXD Injury of unspecified cranial nerve, subsequent encounter
- S04.9XXS Injury of unspecified cranial nerve, sequela
About the S04 Code Range
The ICD-10 codes beginning with S04 classify injuries specific to cranial nerves, which are responsible for various sensory and motor functions in the head and neck. These codes detail damage to individual nerves like the optic, oculomotor, trigeminal, and facial nerves, among others, allowing precise documentation and tracking of such injuries.
This coding section covers a range of conditions including injury of the optic nerve and pathways, with terms like traumatic optic nerve injury and bilateral injury of optic nerve linked to codes such as S04.011 and S04.012. Medical coders will find distinct codes for involvement of specific nerves (e.g., oculomotor nerve injury at S04.1, facial nerve injury at S04.5, acoustic nerve injury at S04.6) and suffered side (right, left, unspecified). The codes also address the stage of treatment encounters—initial, subsequent, and sequela—for clinical accuracy. This structure helps in documenting a variety of cranial nerve traumas like traumatic anosmia (loss of smell) under S04.819 and injuries to other less common cranial nerves, supporting better patient records and tailored care.
Questions About This Page
How many billable codes are in the S04 range?
Of the 167 codes in this range, 114 are billable and valid for claim submission from October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026. Category header codes group them but cannot be reported on claims.
What does the S04 range classify?
The range classifies injury of cranial nerve. Each code links to its own reference page with billing status, MS-DRG grouping, coding notes, and clinical information.
Related References
Source: CMS FY 2026 ICD-10-CM Tabular List and order file, effective October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026.
