Version 2024

2024 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code O31

Complications specific to multiple gestation

ICD-10-CM Code:
O31
ICD-10 Code for:
Complications specific to multiple gestation
Is Billable?
Not Valid for Submission
Code Navigator:

Code Classification

  • Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
    (O00-O9A)
    • Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity and possible delivery problems
      (O30-O48)
      • Complications specific to multiple gestation
        (O31)

O31 is a non-specific and non-billable diagnosis code code, consider using a code with a higher level of specificity for a diagnosis of complications specific to multiple gestation. The code is not specific and is NOT valid for the year 2024 for the submission of HIPAA-covered transactions. Category or Header define the heading of a category of codes that may be further subdivided by the use of 4th, 5th, 6th or 7th characters.

Specific Coding Applicable to Complications specific to multiple gestation

Non-specific codes like O31 require more digits to indicate the appropriate level of specificity. Consider using any of the following ICD-10-CM codes with a higher level of specificity when coding for complications specific to multiple gestation:

  • O31.0 for Papyraceous fetus - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.00 for Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.01 for Papyraceous fetus, first trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.02 for Papyraceous fetus, second trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.03 for Papyraceous fetus, third trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.1 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.10 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.11 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.12 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.13 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.2 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.20 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.21 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.22 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.23 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.3 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.30 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.31 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.32 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.33 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.8 for Other complications specific to multiple gestation - NON-BILLABLE CODE

  • O31.8X for Other complications specific to multiple gestation - NON-BILLABLE CODE

Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries

The following annotation back-references are applicable to this diagnosis code. The Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries is a list of ICD-10-CM codes, organized "head to toe" into chapters and sections with coding notes and guidance for inclusions, exclusions, descriptions and more.


Type 2 Excludes

Type 2 Excludes
A type 2 excludes note represents "Not included here". An excludes2 note indicates that the condition excluded is not part of the condition represented by the code, but a patient may have both conditions at the same time. When an Excludes2 note appears under a code, it is acceptable to use both the code and the excluded code together, when appropriate.
  • delayed delivery of second twin, triplet, etc. O63.2
  • malpresentation of one fetus or more O32.9
  • placental transfusion syndromes O43.0

7th Character Note

7th Character Note
Certain ICD-10-CM categories have applicable 7th characters. The applicable 7th character is required for all codes within the category, or as the notes in the Tabular List instruct. The 7th character must always be the 7th character in the data field. If a code that requires a 7th character is not 6 characters, a placeholder X must be used to fill in the empty characters.
  • One of the following 7th characters is to be assigned to each code under category O31. 7th character 0 is for single gestations and multiple gestations where the fetus is unspecified. 7th characters 1 through 9 are for cases of multiple gestations to identify the fetus for which the code applies. The appropriate code from category O30

7th Character

7th Character
Indicates that a seventh character is to be assigned to codes in a subcategory.
  • 0 - not applicable or unspecified
  • 1 - fetus 1
  • 2 - fetus 2
  • 3 - fetus 3
  • 4 - fetus 4
  • 5 - fetus 5
  • 9 - other fetus

Patient Education


Twins, Triplets, Multiple Births

If you are pregnant with more than one baby, you are far from alone. Multiple births are up in the United States. More women are having babies after age 30 and more are taking fertility drugs. Both boost the chance of carrying more than one baby. A family history of twins also makes multiples more likely.

Years ago, most twins came as a surprise. Now, most women know about a multiple pregnancy early. Women with multiple pregnancies should see their health care providers more often than women who are expecting one baby. Multiple pregnancy babies have a much higher risk of being born prematurely and having a low birth weight. There is also more of a risk of disabilities. Some women have to go on bed rest to delay labor. Finally, they may deliver by C-section, especially if there are three babies or more.

Parenting multiples can be a challenge. Volunteer help and support groups for parents of multiples can help.

Dept. of Health and Human Services Office on Women's Health


[Learn More in MedlinePlus]

Code History

  • FY 2024 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2023 through 9/30/2024
  • FY 2023 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2022 through 9/30/2023
  • FY 2022 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2021 through 9/30/2022
  • FY 2021 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2020 through 9/30/2021
  • FY 2020 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2019 through 9/30/2020
  • FY 2019 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2018 through 9/30/2019
  • FY 2018 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2017 through 9/30/2018
  • FY 2017 - No Change, effective from 10/1/2016 through 9/30/2017
  • FY 2016 - New Code, effective from 10/1/2015 through 9/30/2016. This was the first year ICD-10-CM was implemented into the HIPAA code set.