2027 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code O31Complications specific to multiple gestation

ICD-10-CM Codes›O00-O9A›O30-O48›O31

ICD-10-CM O31
CMSSource: CMS FY 2027 ICD-10-CM dataset · Effective Oct 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2027

O31 is a non-billable ICD-10-CM category code for complications specific to multiple gestation, so it cannot be submitted on claims. Use a more specific code from this category instead, such as O31.00X0, O31.00X1, O31.00X2, and O31.00X3.

Code Identity

ICD-10-CM Code
O31
Billable Status
No — Non-Billable Category
Code Describes
Complications specific to multiple gestation
Short Description
Complications specific to multiple gestation
Same as the full description in the CMS dataset.
Chapter
O30-O48
Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity and possible delivery problems

Code Classification

ChapterO00-O9APregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
SectionO30-O48Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity and possible delivery problems
CategoryO31Complications specific to multiple gestation
This CodeO31Complications specific to multiple gestation

Specific Coding for Complications specific to multiple gestationOverview

Non-specific codes like O31 require more characters. Use one of these billable codes instead:

  • O31.0 for Papyraceous fetus

  • O31.00 for Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester

  • O31.01 for Papyraceous fetus, first trimester

  • O31.02 for Papyraceous fetus, second trimester

  • O31.03 for Papyraceous fetus, third trimester

  • O31.1 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more

  • O31.10 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester

  • O31.11 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester

  • O31.12 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester

  • O31.13 for Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester

  • O31.2 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more

  • O31.20 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester

  • O31.21 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester

  • O31.22 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester

  • O31.23 for Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester

  • O31.3 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more

  • O31.30 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester

  • O31.31 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester

  • O31.32 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester

  • O31.33 for Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester

  • O31.4 for Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more

  • O31.40 for Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester

  • O31.41 for Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester

  • O31.42 for Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester

  • O31.43 for Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester

  • O31.8 for Other complications specific to multiple gestation

  • O31.8X for Other complications specific to multiple gestation

Instructional NotesGuidance

Instructions from the official ICD-10-CM Tabular List that apply to O31: its own notes plus those printed at Chapter 15. A note printed at a category, block or chapter applies to every code under it.

Excludes1

Not coded here: the excluded code is never reported together with this one, unless the two conditions are unrelated.

From Chapter 15 (O00-O9A) Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium applies to 2,481 codes
  • supervision of normal pregnancy (Z34.-)

Excludes2

Not included here: the excluded condition is not part of this code, but a patient may have both, so both codes may be reported.

On O31 itself
  • delayed delivery of second twin, triplet, etc. (O63.2)
  • malpresentation of one fetus or more (O32.9)
  • placental transfusion syndromes (O43.0-)
From Chapter 15 (O00-O9A) Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium applies to 2,481 codes
  • mental and behavioral disorders associated with the puerperium (F53.-)
  • obstetrical tetanus (A34)
  • postpartum necrosis of pituitary gland (E23.0)
  • puerperal osteomalacia (M83.0)

Use Additional Code

Add a second code, after this one, to fully describe the condition.

From Chapter 15 (O00-O9A) Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium applies to 2,481 codes
  • code, if applicable, from category Z3A, Weeks of gestation, to identify the specific week of the pregnancy, if known.

Notes

General instructions on how these codes are used.

From Chapter 15 (O00-O9A) Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium applies to 2,481 codes
  • CODES FROM THIS CHAPTER ARE FOR USE ONLY ON MATERNAL RECORDS, NEVER ON NEWBORN RECORDS
  • Codes from this chapter are for use for conditions related to or aggravated by the pregnancy, childbirth, or by the puerperium (maternal causes or obstetric causes)
  • Trimesters are counted from the first day of the last menstrual period. They are defined as follows:
  • 1st trimester- less than 14 weeks 0 days
  • 2nd trimester- 14 weeks 0 days to less than 28 weeks 0 days
  • 3rd trimester- 28 weeks 0 days until delivery

7th Character

Every code in the category takes a 7th character from the listed values, with the placeholder X filling any empty positions before it.

  • One of the following 7th characters is to be assigned to each code under category O31. 7th character 0 is for single gestations and multiple gestations where the fetus is unspecified. 7th characters 1 through 9 are for cases of multiple gestations to identify the fetus for which the code applies. The appropriate code from category O30, Multiple gestation, must also be assigned when assigning a code from category O31 that has a 7th character of 1 through 9.
Values for category O31 Fetus Identification
  • 0not applicable or unspecified
  • 1fetus 1
  • 2fetus 2
  • 3fetus 3
  • 4fetus 4
  • 5fetus 5
  • 9other fetus

Source: CMS ICD-10-CM Tabular List. How to read instructional notes.

Patient EducationClinical

Twins, Triplets, Multiple Births

If you are pregnant with more than one baby, you are far from alone. Multiple births are up in the United States. More women are having babies after age 30 and more are taking fertility drugs. Both boost the chance of carrying more than one baby. A family history of twins also makes multiples more likely.

Read the full article at MedlinePlus

Courtesy of MedlinePlus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Code HistoryHistory

FY 2016AddedAdded to the ICD-10-CM code setEffective October 1, 2015, the first year of ICD-10-CM.
FY 2017–2026No changes
FY 2027CurrentCurrent code set, no changesEffective October 1, 2026 through September 30, 2027.

Questions About O31Overview

What is the ICD-10 code for complications specific to multiple gestation?

O31 is the ICD-10-CM category for complications specific to multiple gestation, but it is a non-billable header: claims need a more specific code from this category, listed on this page.

Is O31 (Complications specific to multiple gestation) a billable code?

No. This is a category header that groups the codes for complications specific to multiple gestation, and headers cannot be submitted on claims. Claims for complications specific to multiple gestation need a more specific code from this category, such as O31.00X0, O31.00X1, and O31.00X2.