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  5. Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance (E87)

Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance (E87)

The ICD-10 code section E87 covers various disorders related to fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances in the body. These conditions include abnormal levels of sodium, potassium, acid or base, and abnormal fluid volume, which are critical for maintaining normal cellular function.

This section includes specific codes like E87.0 for hyperosmolality and hypernatremia, often linked to excessive sodium or dehydration; and E87.1 for hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia, which can result from sodium deficiency or fluid overload. Acidosis disorders, categorized under codes like E87.2 (unspecified acidosis) and its subtypes, involve excess acid in the body fluids and are important to distinguish for proper treatment. Alkalosis (E87.3) refers to excess base in the blood, while E87.4 includes mixed acid-base balance disorders. Potassium imbalances appear as hyperkalemia (E87.5) and hypokalemia (E87.6), reflecting high or low potassium levels respectively. Fluid overload is captured under E87.7 and its subdivisions, including transfusion-associated circulatory overload (E87.71). Other electrolyte and fluid disturbances not classified elsewhere are coded as E87.8. Understanding these codes assists medical professionals and coders in accurately identifying and documenting complex imbalances such as chronic hypernatremia, metabolic acidosis, or hypokalemic alkalosis.

Instructional Notations

Type 1 Excludes

A type 1 excludes note is a pure excludes note. It means "NOT CODED HERE!" An Excludes1 note indicates that the code excluded should never be used at the same time as the code above the Excludes1 note. An Excludes1 is used when two conditions cannot occur together, such as a congenital form versus an acquired form of the same condition.

  • diabetes insipidus E23.2
  • electrolyte imbalance associated with hyperemesis gravidarum O21.1
  • electrolyte imbalance following ectopic or molar pregnancy O08.5
  • familial periodic paralysis G72.3
  • metabolic acidemia in newborn, unspecified P19.9

Clinical Terms

The following clinical terms provide additional context, helping users better understand the clinical background and common associations for each diagnosis listed in this section. Including related terms alongside ICD-10-CM codes supports coders, billers, and healthcare professionals in improving accuracy, enhancing documentation, and facilitating research or patient education.

Acidosis

A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.

Acidosis, Lactic

Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular

A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS.

Acidosis, Respiratory

Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be chronic or acute.

Alkalosis

A pathological condition that removes acid or adds base to the body fluids.

Alkalosis, Respiratory

A state due to excess loss of carbon dioxide from the body. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS with severe INSULIN deficiency and extreme HYPERGLYCEMIA. It is characterized by KETOSIS; DEHYDRATION; and depressed consciousness leading to COMA.

Gitelman Syndrome

An inherited renal disorder characterized by defective NaCl reabsorption in the convoluted DISTAL KIDNEY TUBULE leading to HYPOKALEMIA. In contrast with BARTTER SYNDROME, Gitelman syndrome includes hypomagnesemia and normocalcemic hypocalciuria, and is caused by mutations in the thiazide-sensitive SODIUM-POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.

Hydrops Fetalis

Abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in two or more fetal compartments, such as SKIN; PLEURA; PERICARDIUM; PLACENTA; PERITONEUM; AMNIOTIC FLUID. General fetal EDEMA may be of non-immunologic origin, or of immunologic origin as in the case of ERYTHROBLASTOSIS FETALIS.

Hypercapnia

A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.

Hyperkalemia

Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Hypernatremia

Excessive amount of sodium in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Hyperoxia

An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.

Hypoaldosteronism

A congenital or acquired condition of insufficient production of ALDOSTERONE by the ADRENAL CORTEX leading to diminished aldosterone-mediated synthesis of Na(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE in renal tubular cells. Clinical symptoms include HYPERKALEMIA, sodium-wasting, HYPOTENSION, and sometimes metabolic ACIDOSIS.

Hypohidrosis

Abnormally diminished or absent perspiration. Both generalized and segmented (reduced or absent sweating in circumscribed locations) forms of the disease are usually associated with other underlying conditions.

Hypokalemia

Abnormally low potassium concentration in the blood. It may result from potassium loss by renal secretion or by the gastrointestinal route, as by vomiting or diarrhea. It may be manifested clinically by neuromuscular disorders ranging from weakness to paralysis, by electrocardiographic abnormalities (depression of the T wave and elevation of the U wave), by renal disease, and by gastrointestinal disorders. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Hyponatremia

Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Pseudohypoaldosteronism

A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by renal electrolyte transport dysfunctions. Congenital forms are rare autosomal disorders characterized by neonatal hypertension, HYPERKALEMIA, increased RENIN activity and ALDOSTERONE concentration. The Type I features HYPERKALEMIA with sodium wasting; Type II, HYPERKALEMIA without sodium wasting. Pseudohypoaldosteronism can be the result of a defective renal electrolyte transport protein or acquired after KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

Starvation

Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Xerostomia

Decreased salivary flow.