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  3. P00–P96
  4. P50-P61
  5. Kernicterus (P57)

Kernicterus (P57)

ICD-10 code P57 and its subcategories are used specifically to document kernicterus, a serious condition caused by high levels of bilirubin affecting a newborn’s brain. These codes guide healthcare providers and coders in identifying different types and causes of kernicterus for accurate clinical records and billing.

Kernicterus, sometimes called acute or chronic bilirubin encephalopathy or simply kernicterus of newborn, is captured under P57. If the kernicterus arises due to immune-related destruction of red blood cells, such as from isoimmunization between mother and infant, it is coded as P57.0. Other specific but less common forms fall under P57.8, while P57.9 is used whenever the exact cause is not detailed. These codes help differentiate between underlying mechanisms like hemolytic jaundice and clarify the newborn’s condition, enabling precise documentation and appropriate care.

Clinical Terms

The following clinical terms provide additional context, helping users better understand the clinical background and common associations for each diagnosis listed in this section. Including related terms alongside ICD-10-CM codes supports coders, billers, and healthcare professionals in improving accuracy, enhancing documentation, and facilitating research or patient education.

Kernicterus

A term used pathologically to describe BILIRUBIN staining of the BASAL GANGLIA; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM and clinically to describe a syndrome associated with HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA. Clinical features include athetosis, MUSCLE SPASTICITY or hypotonia, impaired vertical gaze, and DEAFNESS. Nonconjugated bilirubin enters the brain and acts as a neurotoxin, often in association with conditions that impair the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER (e.g., SEPSIS). This condition occurs primarily in neonates (INFANT, NEWBORN), but may rarely occur in adults. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p613)